How BoB is building up its wealth management business

How BoB is building up its wealth management business

For nationalized banks, wealth management has not traditionally been in focus. Following the trail blazed by the State Bank of India (SBI), India’s second-largest government-owned lender Bank of Baroda (BoB) is making a major foray into wealth management.

Over the past year, Virendra Somwanshi, an ex Citi and ex -Motilal Oswal private banker, has been working with McKinsey as a consulting partner to lay out the blueprint for ‘Baroda Radiance’, the bank’s premium banking offering. This product seeks to leverage the bank’s large captive client base and wide distribution. The bank has already onboarded 300 relationship managers as lateral hires from the banking industry.

Initially, BoB had outsourced its wealth management to Fisdom, a fintech company, but is now keen to build an in-house wealth management business with an ‘in-house fintech’ division.

BoB has 15 crore accounts out of which approximately 8.5 crore are Jan Dhan accounts. From this universe, Somwanshi regards customers with total relationship value (TRV) above 30 lakh as his target user base – which works out to around 250,000 customers – for whom the Bank has designed an enhanced value proposition. The bank’s wealth management offering has investments assets under management of 28,000 crore and is expecting to reach around 1,000 crore in life insurance premium in this financial year. Somwanshi hopes to exponentially grow this customer base.

Of these 250,000 accounts, roughly 50% are based in India’s top 30 cities. For customers located outside the top 30 cities, BoB has set up a virtual relationship management centre – staffed with virtual RMs that will service the wealth management and banking requirements of its affluent customers in a completely digital manner.

BoB has traditionally had a higher concentration in Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, but with the merger of Dena and Vijaya Bank with itself, it now also has a higher presence in the South. To cater to non-resident Indians (NRIs), Somwanshi has a team of relationship managers including the virtual RMs as well. “We offer NRI customers free airport pick-up service when they return to India. It is a small gesture, but it shows that we care. We are also looking at providing NRIs products in GIFT City IFSC where there are certain tax benefits,” Somwanshi added. BoB’s mobile banking platform, called ‘bob World’ will shortly reach the two-crore customer mark, and this will also help grow the wealth management business virtually.

BoB is in the initial stages but if it succeeds, Somwanshi’s initiatives in wealth management can set up a model for other PSUs to follow.

Yet, there is a risk. Traditionally, nationalized banks have a larger presence in small towns where financial sophistication and financial literacy levels are lower. There is the risk of relationship managers mis-selling financial products, particularly insurance to financially vulnerable people.

Somwanshi says there are robust internal checks and balances to stop this such as an investment counsellor accompanying an RM for any portfolio management service (PMS) discussion, certification, and profiling of customers. However, the bank will have to keep a watchful eye on this experiment.

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An agent to separate the wheat from chaff

An agent to separate the wheat from chaff

The trading framework we have in place today is the outcome of efforts made by all market participants, including the regulator, the exchanges, the intermediaries, the support machinery of demat services, custodial services, banking services —the entire ecosystem. The evolution of this framework begins with one of the last laws to be passed by Parliament before Independence, the Capital Issues Control Act, which was enacted on 18 April 1947. It was about who would be in charge of capital in a socialist India: the government, through the Controller of Capital Issues (CCI).

Today’s Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) was initially set up in 1988 under an administrative arrangement. It was given statutory powers with the enactment of the Sebi Act, 1992. Capital Issues (Control) Act was repealed and the Office of CCI abolished. Control over price and premium of shares was removed; companies were now free to raise funds from securities markets after filing a letter of offer with Sebi. Sebi introduced regulations for primary and secondary market intermediaries and played a pivotal role in the development of our capital market systems, including formation of the National Stock Exchange (NSE).

In the 1990s, the Indian capital market was fragmented, with the presence of multiple stock exchanges throughout the country. A few big players including BSE and Delhi Stock Exchange had a major chunk of the country’s total trade volume. The nature of the trades was regional, with long procedures, lack of transparency and mismanagement of clients’ money. Trades in other parts were coordinated through regional brokers. Regional stock exchanges traded in stocks of local companies. Investors, who wanted stocks from BSE or Calcutta Stock Exchange had to pay in advance. However, this was also the time of liberalization and new-age economic reforms in India. The then Union government knew that attracting foreign investment was not possible in such an environment. On the recommendations of the Pherwani committee, the ministry of finance decided that there should be a nationwide electronic exchange.

The first NSE office was started at Mahindra House, Worli, Mumbai, in a room that was previously used as a canteen. NSE was the first stock exchange in the world to use VSAT for communication and connectivity. This technology resulted in middlemen losing their importance and led to cost reduction from percentage points to basis points. Today, we have zero-brokerage or near-zero brokerage trades through online brokerages, thanks to technology and system improvements.

The new exchange opened the doors for many who worked under big brokers. They could now be a member of the exchange and start their own business. In a way, NSE gave birth to a fresh ecosystem. The absence of opaque trades changed the fundamentals of trading systems, processes and costs. Many who had knowledge of the trade started investment consultancies. In the last three decades, India saw the rise of many brokerages and consultancies which communicated stock fundamentals to every nook and corner of the country. NSE was one of the first demutualized exchange in the world and the first in India. Before demutualization, exchanges were owned and operated by brokerages which resulted in conflict of interest. NSE segregated ownership, trading rights and management, eliminating conflict issues. The exchange offered membership for all, with basic eligibility criteria.

Today, NSE is the leading exchange in the country, with the lion’s share of the equity cash segment, almost the entire share of equity futures and options, and the major share of currency futures and options. Its cash market daily average turnover was 2,805 crore in 2001; this increased to 69,645 crore in 2021. In equity derivatives, the daily average turnover has increased manifold over the same period. Today NSE is the world’s largest derivatives exchange by the number of contracts traded and fourth-largest in cash equity by number of trades. By value of transactions though, it is a different story in the global picture.

Net-net, we keep on advising you, to stay away from the noise and focus on your financial goals. Similarly, the robustness of the ecosystem of our capital market is intact, with a meticulous regulator watching over; don’t mind the noise.

Joydeep Sen is a corporate trainer and author.

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